Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of seasonal A(H3N2) influenza in China, 2014-2019 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To analyze the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of seasonal A(H3N2) influenza [influenza A(H3N2)] in China and to provide a reference for scientific prevention and control. Methods: The influenza A(H3N2) surveillance data in 2014-2019 was derived from China Influenza Surveillance Information System. A line chart described the epidemic trend analyzed and plotted. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was conducted using ArcGIS 10.7, and spatiotemporal scanning analysis was conducted using SaTScan 10.1. Results: A total of 2 603 209 influenza-like case sample specimens were detected from March 31, 2014, to March 31, 2019, and the influenza A(H3N2) positive rate was 5.96%(155 259/2 603 209). The positive rate of influenza A(H3N2) was statistically significant in the north and southern provinces in each surveillance year (all P<0.05). The high incidence seasons of influenza A (H3N2) were in winter in northern provinces and summer or winter in southern provinces. Influenza A (H3N2) clustered in 31 provinces in 2014-2015 and 2016-2017. High-high clusters were distributed in eight provinces, including Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Henan, Shaanxi, and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in 2014-2015, and high-high clusters were distributed in five provinces including Shanxi, Shandong, Henan, Anhui, and Shanghai in 2016-2017. Spatiotemporal scanning analysis from 2014 to 2019 showed that Shandong and its surrounding twelve provinces clustered from November 2016 to February 2017 (RR=3.59, LLR=9 875.74, P<0.001). Conclusion: Influenza A (H3N2) has high incidence seasons with northern provinces in winter and southern provinces in summer or winter and obvious spatial and temporal clustering characteristics in China from 2014-2019.

Metagenomic Analysis of Environmental Samples from Wildlife Rescue Station at Poyang Lake, China / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#To improve the understanding of the virome and bacterial microbiome in the wildlife rescue station of Poyang Lake, China.@*METHODS@#Ten smear samples were collected in March 2019. Metagenomic sequencing was performed to delineate bacterial and viral diversity. Taxonomic analysis was performed using the Kraken2 and Bracken methods. A maximum-likelihood tree was constructed based on the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) region of picornavirus.@*RESULTS@#We identified 363 bacterial and 6 viral families. A significant difference in microbial and viral abundance was found between samples S01-S09 and S10. In S01-S09, members of Flavobacteriia and Gammaproteobacteria were the most prevalent, while in S10, the most prevalent bacteria class was Actinomycetia. Among S01-S09, members of Myoviridae and Herelleviridae were the most prevalent, while the dominant virus family of S10 was Picornaviridae. The full genome of the pigeon mesivirus-like virus (NC-BM-233) was recovered from S10 and contained an open reading frame of 8,124 nt. It showed the best hit to the pigeon mesivirus 2 polyprotein, with 84.10% amino acid identity. Phylogenetic analysis showed that RdRp clustered into Megrivirus B.@*CONCLUSION@#This study provides an initial assessment of the bacteria and viruses in the cage-smeared samples, broadens our knowledge of viral and bacterial diversity, and is a way to discover potential pathogens in wild birds.

Application value of 256 slice spiral CT coronary angiography for diagnosing coronary artery stenosis in aged patients / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective :To study and observe application value of 256 slice spiral CT coronary imaging (MSCT) for di‐agnosing coronary artery stenosis in aged patients .Methods :A total of 95 aged patients suspecting coronary artery stenosis treated in our hospital were selected .They received MSCT and coronary angiography (CAG) respectively . Inspecting outcomes of above two diagnostic methods were comprehensively compared .Results :(1) CAG identified 91 positive cases and four negative cases in diagnosing coronary artery stenosis ,while it＇s 89 positive cases and six negative cases for MSCT .The diagnostic outcomes of two methods were highly consistent (Kappa＝ 0.789 , P＝0.001 ) ,suggesting MSCT can achieve the diagnostic effect of CAG ; (2) Sensitivity ,specificity ,positive predictive value ,negative predictive value and accuracy of MSCT diagnosing coronary artery stenosis was 94. 51%,25.00%, 96. 63%,16.67% and 91.58% respectively ,suggesting diagnostic outcomes of MSCT possessed high accuracy ; (3) There was no significant difference in judgment of coronary artery stenosis degree between MSCT and CAG , P＝0.524. Conclusion :The diagnostic accuracy of 256 slice MSCT is high in aged patients with coronary artery stenosis , which is almost consistent with that of the gold standard‐CAG .The conduction is simple and it＇s noninvasive ,which can be extended in clinic ;but it′s specificity is compare less ,must pay suitable intension

Research advances on thogoto virus of the family orthomyxoviridae / 病毒学报

Thogoto virus belongs to the family Orthomyxoviridae. It is a tick-borne arbovirus that can infect both human and animals. Thogoto virus's genetic constitution, replication and transcription, and the function of the translated proteins are similar to influenza virus. The studies on Thogoto virus are important for us to better understand the conservative sites of influenza virus. Moreover, the animal model of Thogo-to virus is expected to be an alternative model for highly pathogenic influenza viruses. In the past years, Thogoto virus attracted limited public attention and few studies were engaged in this area. The classification of Thogoto virus, the genetic constitution and evolution, and viral proteins were included in this review. The functions of M protein and ML protein were emphasized, which were translated from the sixth segment and played an important role in viral replication, the interaction between Thogoto virus and host were also highlighted.